Is decadal climate prediction efficient via a two-tiered approach?
Multidecadal variability (MDV) in the climate system has been a difficult issue in regional decadal climate prediction. While MDV is not simulated well by current coupled climate models, a two-tiered approach became an alternative, i.e., predicting decadal climate by using atmospheric general circulation models (AGCMs) forced by predicted sea surface temperature (SST). However, even if SST is known, how much climate variability over the lands can be simulated by the SST-forced AGCMs remained an open question.